CSS Basic
CSS HOMECSS Introduction
CSS Syntax
CSS Id & Class
CSS How To
CSS Styling
Styling BackgroundsStyling Text
Styling Fonts
Styling Links
Styling Lists
Styling Tables
CSS Box Model
CSS Box ModelCSS Border
CSS Outline
CSS Margin
CSS Padding
CSS Advanced
CSS Grouping/NestingCSS Dimension
CSS Display
CSS Positioning
CSS Floating
CSS Align
CSS Pseudo-class
CSS Pseudo-element
CSS Navigation Bar
CSS Image Gallery
CSS Image Opacity
CSS Image Sprites
CSS Media Types
CSS Attribute Selectors
CSS Don't
CSS Summary
CSS Examples
CSS ExamplesCSS Quiz
CSS QuizCSS Certificate
CSS References
CSS ReferenceCSS Reference A to Z
CSS Reference Aural
CSS Web Safe Fonts
CSS Units
CSS Colors
CSS Colorvalues
CSS Colornames
CSS Aural Reference
| « Previous | Next Reference » |
Aural Style Sheets
Aural style sheets use a combination of speech synthesis and sound effects to make the user listen to information, instead of reading information.
Aural presentation can be used:
- by blind people
- to help users learning to read
- to help users who have reading problems
- for home entertainment
- in the car
- by print-impaired communities
The aural presentation converts the document to plain text and feed this to a screen reader (a program that reads all the characters on the screen).
An example of an Aural style sheet:
| h1,h2,h3,h4 { voice-family:male; richness:80; cue-before:url("beep.au") } |
The example above will make the speech synthesizer play a sound, then speak the headers in a very rich male voice.
CSS Aural Reference
The "CSS" column indicates in which CSS version the property is defined (CSS1 or CSS2).
| Property | Description | Values | CSS |
|---|---|---|---|
| azimuth | Sets where the sound should come from | angle left-side far-left left center-left center center-right right far-right right-side behind leftwards rightwards |
2 |
| cue | Sets the cue properties in one declaration | cue-before cue-after |
2 |
| cue-after | Specifies a sound to be played after speaking an element's content | none url |
2 |
| cue-before | Specifies a sound to be played before speaking an element's content | none url |
2 |
| elevation | Sets where the sound should come from | angle below level above higher lower |
2 |
| pause | Sets the pause properties in one declaration | pause-before pause-after |
2 |
| pause-after | Specifies a pause after speaking an element's content | time % |
2 |
| pause-before | Specifies a pause before speaking an element's content | time % |
2 |
| pitch | Specifies the speaking voice | frequency x-low low medium high x-high |
2 |
| pitch-range | Specifies the variation in the speaking voice. (Monotone voice or animated voice?) | number | 2 |
| play-during | Specifies a sound to be played while speaking an element's content | auto none url mix repeat |
2 |
| richness | Specifies the richness of the speaking voice. (Rich voice or thin voice?) | number | 2 |
| speak | Specifies whether content will render aurally | normal none spell-out |
2 |
| speak-header | Specifies how to handle table headers. Should the headers be spoken before every cell, or only before a cell with a different header than the previous cell | always once |
2 |
| speak-numeral | Specifies how to speak numbers | digits continuous |
2 |
| speak-punctuation | Specifies how to speak punctuation characters | none code |
2 |
| speech-rate | Specifies the speed of the speaking | number x-slow slow medium fast x-fast faster slower |
2 |
| stress | Specifies the "stress" in the speaking voice | number | 2 |
| voice-family | Specifies the voice family of the speaking | specific-voice generic-voice |
2 |
| volume | Specifies the volume of the speaking | number % silent x-soft soft medium loud x-loud |
2 |
| « Previous | Next Reference » |